Отправлено: 14.06.10 00:34. Заголовок: relative clauses

Nouns and phrases: relative clauses in English

 Отправлено: 14.06.10 00:34. Заголовок: Participle relative ..

Participle relative clauses

Present and past participle forms, (e.g: talking, made) can be used without a pronoun or auxiliary to form a participle relative clause, e.g.:
Do you know the boy talking to Thomas?

The participle relative clause underlined in the example has the same meaning as a defining relative clause with the relative pronoun who, i.e:
Do you know the boy who is talking to Thomas?

A participle relative clause with an –ing (present participle) form can be used like a defining relative clause to identify which person or thing you are referring to, e.g.:
The house has three bedrooms. The bedroom overlooking the garden… (= which overlooks the garden)

-ing participle clauses also often show what someone or something is, or was, doing at a particular time, e.g.:
Who were those children waiting outside? (= … who were waiting outside..)
Police investigating the robbery are asking people to come forward. (= …who are investigating the robbery..)


Participle relative clauses with an –ed (past participle) form are also used like defining relative clauses to identify a particular person or thing. They have a passive meaning, e.g.:
The woman injured in the accident was expecting a baby. (= who was injured in the accident…)
All cakes sold in the café are made on the premises. (= which are sold in the café …)

It is also possible to use participle relative clauses as non-defining relative clauses which add information. Like other non-defining relative clauses, these participle clauses are surrounded by commas, e.g.:
His first novel, published in 1965, was an immediate success. (= which was published in 1965…)

John’s father, lying on the sofa, was trying to take a nap. (= who was lying on the sofa)

 Отправлено: 14.06.10 00:35. Заголовок: /hu:z/ The word /hu..

/hu:z/

The word /hu:z/ can be tricky for students as it can mean who is (contracted), who has (contracted) or whose. Here is a sample restricted practice exercise to differentiate between the three. The sentences in this exercise are all based around the topic of hotels – teachers could make their own sentences.

* The receptionist is the person /hu:z/ responsible for reservations.
* Do you know anybody /hu:z/ worked in a hotel?
* There is a 10% discount for guests /hu:z/ reservations are made on the Internet.
* Is there anybody in the class /hu:z/ stayed in a luxury hotel?
* /hu:z/ luggage is this?
* That’s the guest /hu:z/ plane arrived late.
* The hotel manager, /hu:z/ not here today, is the person you need to talk to.

Answers

* The receptionist is the person who’s responsible for reservations.
* Do you know anybody who’s worked in a hotel?
* There a 10% discount for guests whose reservations are made on the Internet.
* Is there anybody in the class who’s stayed in a luxury hotel?
* Whose luggage is this?
* That’s the guest whose plane arrived late.
* The hotel manager, who’s not here today, is the person you need to talk to.